The last credible external threat to Canada was the war fought between the UK and USA during the Napoleonic Wars period in the early 1800s (1812-1815) some Canadian Army units can trace their lineages back to the early 1800s when militia units were formed to assist in the defence of British North America against invasion by the USA. The country is officially bilingual (French and English) at the federal level.
The Canadian-USA border (excluding Alaska) is the world’s longest land border at 3,987 miles (1,788 miles of land and 2,199 miles of water) (International Boundary Commission, 2008a), and Canada and the USA maintain extensive cross-border civil/military initiatives. Although the majority of Canada has a cold or severely cold winter climate, southerly areas are warm in summer. However, it only has a population of approximately 35 million people, about four-fifths of whom live near the southern border with the United States of America (USA). This article provides an overview of the recruitment and selection process for the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) or Forces Armées Canadiennes (FAC).Ĭanada is composed of ten provinces and three territories and is geographically located in the northern part of North America, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean.Ĭanada covers 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles) making it the world’s second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area.
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